Food EditionBakeFrenchSideMaking Classic Shortcrust Pastry
1 hr 15 minIntermediateServes 1 pie crust (9-inch)
French · Side

Making Classic Shortcrust Pastry

Shortcrust pastry relies on keeping the fat cold and handling the dough as little as possible. By cutting cold butter into flour until it resembles coarse crumbs and adding only enough ice water to bring the mixture together into a disk, you create a structure that stays crisp and flaky rather than tough.

Total time
1 hr 15 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
1 pie crust (9-inch)
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Temperature is your primary ingredient.

If the butter melts before it hits the oven, the layers won't separate and the crust will lose its lift. Keep your hands cool and work quickly.

  • large mixing bowl
  • pastry cutter or two butter knives
  • plastic wrap
  • rolling pin
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 1 1/4 cupsall-purpose flour
  • 1/2 tspfine sea salt
  • 1/2 cup (1 stick)unsalted butter, chilled and cubed
  • 3–4 tbspice water
The key technique

Maintaining Butter Strata

Aim for pea-sized chunks of butter to remain visible in your flour mixture. These pockets of fat melt during baking to create steam, which physically separates the layers of dough.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Mix dry ingredients

    Whisk flour and salt together in a wide bowl to ensure even distribution.

  2. Cut in the butter

    Add the cold butter cubes. Use your pastry cutter to break the butter into the flour until the mixture looks like coarse meal with some larger, distinct pieces of butter remaining.

  3. Add water

    Drizzle 3 tablespoons of ice water over the mixture. Use a fork to toss the ingredients until a shaggy dough begins to form; add the final tablespoon only if the flour isn't clinging together.

  4. Form and chill

    Gather the dough with your hands, pressing it into a flat disk. Wrap it in plastic and refrigerate for at least one hour to allow the gluten to relax.

  5. Roll out

    On a lightly floured surface, roll the dough from the center outward, rotating it frequently to ensure it isn't sticking to the counter.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

If the dough feels soft or sticky at any point, put it back in the fridge for ten minutes before proceeding.

Tip

Avoid overworking the dough; the more you knead it, the tougher the resulting crust will be.

Tip

Use a marble surface if you have one, as it stays cooler than wood or laminate.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why did my crust shrink in the oven?

The dough was likely rolled too tightly or not allowed to rest long enough. Resting in the fridge relaxes the gluten strands that cause contraction.

Can I use a food processor?

Yes, but use short pulses. It is easy to over-process the fat, which results in a hard crust rather than a flaky one.

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