Food EditionBakeFrenchDessertClassic Choux Pastry
50 minIntermediateServes 24 puffs
French · Dessert

Classic Choux Pastry

Mastering choux is about understanding the transition of the dough from a paste to an emulsion. When the flour hits the boiling liquid, it gelatinizes; when the eggs are added, you transform that starch into a glossy, pipeable dough.

Total time
50 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
24 puffs
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Consistency is your primary indicator.

Do not rush the cooling of the cooked paste before adding eggs, or you will scramble them. Watch the sheen of the dough rather than just the number of eggs added.

  • Heavy-bottomed saucepan
  • Wooden spoon
  • Stand mixer or sturdy spatula
  • Piping bag
  • Baking sheet
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 125 mlwater
  • 125 mlwhole milk
  • 115 gunsalted butter, cubed
  • 1 tspgranulated sugar
  • 1/2 tspsalt
  • 150 gall-purpose flour, sifted
  • 4large eggs, lightly beaten
The key technique

Determining the right hydration

Lift your spatula from the dough; the mixture should fall slowly and form a 'V' shape on the edge of the spoon, hanging for a second before dropping.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Boil the base

    Combine water, milk, butter, sugar, and salt in the saucepan over medium-high heat until the butter is melted and the liquid is at a rolling boil.

  2. Add the flour

    Remove from heat and pour in the flour all at once. Stir vigorously with a wooden spoon until a ball forms and pulls away from the sides of the pan.

  3. Dry the paste

    Return the pan to medium heat for two minutes, stirring constantly. You are looking for a thin film to form on the bottom of the pan; this evaporates excess moisture.

  4. Emulsify

    Transfer to a mixing bowl and let cool for five minutes. Add eggs one at a time, mixing fully after each. Stop when the dough achieves the V-test consistency, even if you have leftover egg.

  5. Bake

    Pipe onto a parchment-lined tray. Bake at 200°C for 15 minutes, then lower to 180°C for another 15-20 minutes until firm and deeply golden.

  6. Vent

    Pierce the side of each puff with a small knife to release steam immediately after removing from the oven; this prevents them from collapsing as they cool.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Gougères

Fold 100g of grated Gruyère and a pinch of cayenne into the finished dough before piping.

Craquelin

Top each piped puff with a thin, frozen disc of butter-flour-sugar crumble for a crisp, patterned exterior.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

Use high-protein bread flour if you want a firmer structure that holds its shape better.

Tip

Do not open the oven door during the first 20 minutes, or the steam will escape and the puffs will deflate.

Tip

If the dough is too stiff, the puffs will be dense; if it is too runny, they will spread into flat pancakes.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Can I freeze the piped dough?

Yes. Pipe the rounds onto a tray, freeze until solid, then transfer to a bag. Bake straight from frozen, adding 5 minutes to the initial bake time.

Why did my puffs go soft after cooling?

The steam didn't fully evaporate. Always pierce the puffs as soon as they exit the oven and let them dry out in the turned-off oven with the door cracked.