Food Edition›Bake›French›Dessert›Choux Pastry
45 minIntermediateServes 12-15 puffs
French · Dessert

Choux Pastry

Choux is the bridge between simple cooking and architectural pastry. By mastering the transition from a thick, glossy paste to a piped mound, you gain the ability to create everything from cream puffs to eclairs.

Total time
45 min
Hands-on
25 min
Serves
12-15 puffs
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Control the moisture levels

The goal is to cook out as much water as possible before adding the eggs. Use a heavy-bottomed pan to prevent the base from scorching while you work.

  • heavy-bottomed saucepan
  • wooden spoon
  • piping bag with plain tip
  • baking sheet lined with parchment paper
  • whisk
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 125 mlwater
  • 125 mlwhole milk
  • 115 gunsalted butter, cubed
  • 5 ggranulated sugar
  • 3 gsalt
  • 150 gall-purpose flour
  • 4 largeeggs, lightly beaten
The key technique

Checking the consistency

Your dough is ready when you pull your spoon through the mixture and the paste hanging off the end forms a slow, smooth 'V' shape rather than breaking or running.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Heat liquids

    Combine water, milk, butter, sugar, and salt in the saucepan over medium heat until the butter is fully melted and the liquid reaches a rolling boil.

  2. Add flour

    Dump all the flour in at once. Turn the heat to low and stir vigorously with the wooden spoon until the mixture pulls away from the sides and forms a cohesive ball.

  3. Dry the panade

    Keep stirring the ball of dough over low heat for 2 to 3 minutes. You want a thin film of starch to coat the bottom of the pan; this indicates the excess moisture has evaporated.

  4. Emulsify eggs

    Transfer the dough to a bowl to cool slightly for five minutes. Add the beaten eggs a little at a time, incorporating each addition fully before adding more. Stop when the dough reaches the 'V' stage.

  5. Bake

    Pipe mounds onto parchment. Bake at 200°C for 10 minutes, then drop the oven temperature to 175°C for another 15 to 20 minutes until the shells are firm and light gold.

  6. Release steam

    Immediately poke a small hole in the side of each puff with a paring knife to allow steam to escape; this prevents the interior from becoming soggy.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Gougeres

Fold in 50g of finely grated Gruyere cheese and a pinch of black pepper before piping.

Paris-Brest

Pipe the dough into a large ring instead of individual puffs, then slice horizontally once cooled.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

Do not open the oven door during the first 20 minutes of baking, or the puffs will collapse.

Tip

If your dough seems too stiff after the final egg, add a teaspoon of warm water at a time until you reach the target consistency.

Tip

Bake until the shells feel light for their size; extra time in the oven is better than pulling them out while the centers are still damp.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why did my puffs flatten in the oven?

Usually because there was too much moisture left in the dough or the oven temperature was too low to create the initial steam expansion.

Can I make the dough ahead of time?

The dough is best used immediately. Once piped and baked, you can keep the unfilled shells in an airtight container for a day or freeze them for up to a month.

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