Food EditionBakeFrenchAppetizerMastering Shortcrust Pastry
1 hr 30 minIntermediateServes 12-inch tart shell
French · Appetizer

Mastering Shortcrust Pastry

Working with pastry is about tactile memory. Once you feel the texture of the flour-coated fat between your fingers, you will know exactly when to stop mixing, regardless of what any recipe states.

Total time
1 hr 30 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
12-inch tart shell
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Cold is your primary ingredient.

If your kitchen is warm, chill your mixing bowl and your hands before starting. Any heat transfer from your palms will ruin the pastry's structure.

  • large stainless steel bowl
  • pastry cutter or a fork
  • rolling pin
  • plastic wrap
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 250gall-purpose flour
  • 125gunsalted butter, chilled and cubed
  • 1 pinchfine sea salt
  • 3-4 tbspice water
The key technique

Coating the fat

Rub the butter into the flour using only your fingertips until the mixture resembles coarse, uneven breadcrumbs with some pea-sized chunks of butter remaining.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Combine dry

    Sift the flour and salt into a cold bowl. Add the cubed butter.

  2. Rub in the fat

    Using your fingertips, rub the butter into the flour until the texture is crumbly. Leave some visible butter shards; these create the flake.

  3. Hydrate

    Drizzle 3 tablespoons of ice water over the crumbs. Use a butter knife to stir until the dough just begins to clump together. If it is too dry to hold, add the final tablespoon.

  4. Form and rest

    Gently press the dough into a flat disc. Wrap it tightly in plastic and refrigerate for at least one hour to allow the gluten to relax.

  5. Roll out

    On a lightly floured surface, roll the dough from the center outwards, turning the disc a quarter-turn after each stroke to ensure even thickness.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Savory Herb

Add one tablespoon of finely minced fresh thyme or rosemary to the dry ingredients.

Cheese Crust

Fold in 50g of finely grated aged cheddar or parmesan after rubbing the butter into the flour.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

Always use a heavy rolling pin to maintain even pressure.

Tip

Do not overwork the dough once water is added, or the crust will shrink in the oven.

Tip

If the dough feels soft while rolling, stop and return it to the fridge for 10 minutes.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why is my crust shrinking in the oven?

The gluten was likely overworked, or the dough was not chilled long enough before baking. Always allow the shaped pastry to rest in the fridge for 20 minutes before it hits the heat.

Can I use a food processor?

You can, but use short pulses. It is very easy to over-process the fat, which results in a dense, hard crust instead of a crumbly one.