Food EditionBakeAmericanDessertTraditional Flaky Pie Crust
2 hr 30 minIntermediateServes 1 double-crust pie
American · Dessert

Traditional Flaky Pie Crust

This is the foundation for almost every fruit or savory pie in my kitchen. It is not about speed; it is about respecting the temperature of the butter.

Total time
2 hr 30 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
1 double-crust pie
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Temperature is your primary ingredient

If your butter melts into the flour before it hits the oven, you lose the flake. Work quickly and keep your workstation cool.

  • Large mixing bowl
  • Pastry blender or two butter knives
  • Plastic wrap
  • Rolling pin
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 2 1/2 cupsall-purpose flour
  • 1 tspkosher salt
  • 1 cupunsalted butter, frozen and cubed
  • 6-8 tbspice water
The key technique

Keeping the butter whole

Your goal is to have pea-sized bits of butter coated in flour. These bits create steam pockets in the heat of the oven, which is what forces the dough to lift and flake.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Whisk

    Combine flour and salt in a large bowl. Ensure they are evenly distributed.

  2. Cut

    Add the frozen, cubed butter to the flour. Use a pastry blender to cut it in until the mixture looks like coarse meal with some pea-sized chunks remaining.

  3. Hydrate

    Add ice water one tablespoon at a time. Use a fork to toss the mixture until it barely holds together when pinched. Do not knead.

  4. Chill

    Divide dough into two disks. Wrap tightly in plastic and refrigerate for at least two hours. This relaxes the gluten.

  5. Roll

    On a lightly floured surface, roll from the center outward, turning the dough frequently to prevent sticking.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Lard or Shortening

Replacing half the butter with lard produces a more tender, though less golden, crust.

Sugar Crust

Add one tablespoon of granulated sugar to the flour for fruit pies that need a little extra sweetness.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

If the dough feels soft while rolling, stop and put it back in the fridge for 15 minutes.

Tip

Always measure flour by scooping it into the cup and leveling it off, rather than packing it down.

Tip

Use a metal bowl if possible; it stays colder than glass or plastic.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why did my crust shrink while baking?

The dough was likely handled too much or not chilled long enough. Over-working builds gluten, which causes the dough to retract when heated.

Can I make this in a food processor?

Yes, but use the pulse button only. It is very easy to over-process and melt the butter, resulting in a tough, dense crust.