Food Edition›Bake›American›Dessert›Making Basic Pie Crust
1 hr 30 minIntermediateServes 1 double-crust pie or 2 single crusts
American · Dessert

Making Basic Pie Crust

A proper crust should be sturdy enough to hold a filling but thin enough to shatter under a fork. Once you stop overworking the dough, the streaks of butter will remain intact, turning into steam pockets that create the structure you want.

Total time
1 hr 30 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
1 double-crust pie or 2 single crusts
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Temperature is your only real variable.

If the butter melts into the flour before it hits the oven, you will get a dense, greasy cookie-like texture instead of a crisp, layered pastry. Keep everything cold, including your hands.

  • Large mixing bowl
  • Pastry cutter or two table knives
  • Rolling pin
  • Plastic wrap
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 2 1/2 cupsall-purpose flour
  • 1 tspkosher salt
  • 1 cupunsalted butter, frozen for 15 minutes then cubed
  • 4-8 tbspice water
The key technique

Maintaining the streak

When cutting the butter into the flour, stop when you still have pea-sized chunks remaining. These visible, cold butter streaks are exactly what you need to create the layers.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Mix dry ingredients

    Whisk the flour and salt together in a wide bowl to ensure even distribution.

  2. Cut in the fat

    Add the cubed, frozen butter to the flour. Use a pastry cutter or two knives to work the fat into the flour until the mixture looks like coarse, uneven sand with visible lumps.

  3. Hydrate the dough

    Add 4 tablespoons of ice water. Toss with a fork. Keep adding water one tablespoon at a time until the dough begins to clump when squeezed. Stop immediately.

  4. Form and chill

    Divide the dough into two discs, wrap tightly in plastic, and refrigerate for at least one hour. This relaxes the gluten so the crust doesn't shrink in the oven.

  5. Roll

    Lightly flour a surface. Roll from the center outward, turning the dough a quarter-turn between strokes to ensure an even circle.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Lard crust

Replace half the butter with chilled lard for a more tender, less structured crust.

Sugar-crust

Add 1 tablespoon of granulated sugar to the flour for a base intended for fruit fillings.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

If the dough feels sticky or starts to pull back while rolling, put it back in the fridge for ten minutes.

Tip

Use a marble or granite surface if you have one, as it stays cool and prevents the butter from softening during the rolling process.

Tip

Avoid using the palms of your hands to mix; the heat from your skin will melt the butter.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why did my crust shrink in the oven?

The dough was likely overworked, causing the gluten to tighten. Chilling the dough thoroughly before rolling prevents this.

Can I use a food processor?

You can, but use short pulses. It is very easy to over-process the butter into a paste, which will result in a tough crust.

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