Food EditionBakeAmericanDessertFlaky All-Butter Pie Crust
2 hr 30 minIntermediateServes 2 single crusts or 1 double crust
American · Dessert

Flaky All-Butter Pie Crust

Making a crust by hand is about texture control. If you keep the temperature low and the butter intact, you get a shatteringly crisp foundation for any filling.

Total time
2 hr 30 min
Hands-on
20 min
Serves
2 single crusts or 1 double crust
Difficulty
Intermediate
Before you start

Temperature is your primary ingredient

If the butter softens, the layers disappear. Work quickly, and if the dough feels greasy or limp, get it back into the refrigerator immediately.

  • large mixing bowl
  • pastry cutter or two knives
  • plastic wrap
  • rolling pin
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 2 1/2 cupsall-purpose flour
  • 1 tbspgranulated sugar
  • 1 tspfine sea salt
  • 1 cupunsalted butter, frozen for 15 minutes and cubed
  • 6-8 tbspice water
The key technique

Keeping the fat visible

Use a pastry cutter to work the butter into the flour until you see distinct, pea-sized chunks. These visible bits of butter are what create the pockets of steam that lift the pastry into flakes.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Mix dry ingredients

    Whisk the flour, sugar, and salt in a wide, chilled bowl to combine evenly.

  2. Cut in the butter

    Add the cubes of butter. Use your pastry cutter to work them into the flour until the mixture resembles coarse meal with some visible, almond-sized chunks remaining.

  3. Hydrate

    Drizzle 6 tablespoons of ice water over the surface. Toss gently with a fork, pulling from the bottom up. Add more water, one tablespoon at a time, only until the dough begins to clump when squeezed.

  4. Shape and chill

    Divide the dough into two disks, wrap them tightly in plastic, and refrigerate for at least 2 hours. This relaxes the gluten and ensures the butter is firm before rolling.

  5. Roll out

    On a lightly floured surface, roll the dough from the center outward, turning it occasionally to keep it from sticking, until you reach your desired thickness.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Savory Crust

Omit the sugar and stir in a teaspoon of dried thyme or cracked black pepper into the dry flour mix.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

Use a marble or granite surface for rolling if available; it stays cold longer than wood or laminate.

Tip

If the edges of your dough start cracking while rolling, let the disk sit on the counter for 3 minutes to soften slightly before continuing.

Tip

Never over-knead; working the dough too much creates a chewy texture rather than a crisp one.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Why does my crust shrink in the oven?

The gluten was likely stretched too tight during rolling. Let the rolled-out dough rest in the pie dish for 20 minutes in the fridge before trimming and crimping.

Can I use a food processor?

You can, but pulse it sparingly. It is very easy to over-process the butter into the flour, which leads to a mealy crust instead of a flaky one.