Food Edition›Bake›American›Dessert›Classic Shortbread Base
1 hr 15 minEasyServes 12
American · Dessert

Classic Shortbread Base

Shortbread relies on the ratio of one part sugar, two parts butter, and three parts flour. By working the butter into the flour until the texture resembles coarse wet sand and pressing it firmly into the pan before a low-temperature bake, you achieve a sandy, melt-away texture that holds its structure without the need for leavening agents.

Total time
1 hr 15 min
Hands-on
15 min
Serves
12
Difficulty
Easy
Before you start

Temperature control is your primary variable.

Use cold, cubed butter and work quickly to prevent it from softening before the dough hits the oven. If your kitchen is warm, chill the pressed dough in the refrigerator for 20 minutes before baking to keep the edges sharp.

  • 9-inch square baking pan
  • Parchment paper
  • Large mixing bowl
  • Pastry cutter or fork
Ingredients

What goes in.

  • 1 cupunsalted butter, chilled and cubed
  • 1/2 cupgranulated sugar
  • 2 cupsall-purpose flour, sifted
  • 1/4 tspfine sea salt
The key technique

Pressing the base

Instead of rolling, distribute the crumbly dough into the pan and use the flat bottom of a glass to pack it into a solid, even layer. This creates the dense, consistent crumb required for a clean snap.

Step by step

The method.

  1. Prepare the oven and pan

    Preheat your oven to 325°F (160°C). Line your pan with parchment paper, leaving an overhang on two sides for easy removal.

  2. Combine dry ingredients

    Whisk the flour and salt together in your bowl to ensure even distribution.

  3. Cut in the butter

    Add the sugar and cold butter cubes. Use your pastry cutter to work the mixture until it looks like coarse meal. Stop before the butter disappears; visible small pebbles of fat are good.

  4. Press

    Dump the shaggy mixture into the pan. Use your fingers to distribute it, then use a flat-bottomed glass to press it into a smooth, even layer across the bottom.

  5. Bake

    Bake for 45-50 minutes. It is done when the edges are a pale golden brown and the center is firm to the touch. Do not over-brown the surface.

  6. Slice immediately

    Remove from the oven and score the top into bars or squares while still warm. Leave them in the pan until completely cool before lifting them out.

Variations

Other turns to take.

Citrus Infused

Rub two tablespoons of lemon or orange zest into the sugar before mixing it with the butter to release the essential oils.

Vanilla Bean

Split one vanilla bean and scrape the seeds into the butter before cutting it into the flour.

Tips & troubleshooting

When it doesn't go to plan.

Tip

Use a light-colored metal pan to ensure the edges don't darken too quickly.

Tip

If the dough feels greasy when working it, put the bowl in the freezer for five minutes before pressing into the pan.

Tip

Always slice the shortbread while it is still warm; it will shatter if you attempt to cut it after it has fully hardened.

Questions

The ones that keep coming up.

Can I use salted butter?

You can, but reduce or omit the added salt in the recipe to keep the base balanced.

Why did my shortbread crumble when I cut it?

You likely waited until it was cold. Always score and cut the shortbread while the pan is still warm from the oven.

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